同性婚姻移民生效日 

美国最高法院于2013年6月26日就两件同性婚姻相关案件作出判决，认定禁止给予同性婚姻联邦福利的《婚姻保护法》违宪。根据高法判决，禁止联邦政府给同性婚姻以相关联邦福利的《婚姻保护法》违反了平等保护原则，因此违宪。高法以5：4的投票结果通过了这一判决，这意味着同性婚姻从此将能享受到税收、移民等联邦福利。

奥巴马总统已指示联邦政府各部门尊重最高法院的判决。美国国土安全部（管辖美国移民局、美国海关与边境保护局、美国移民与海关强制执法局）部长Janet Napolitano于2013年7月2日发表声明，将迅速落实总统的指令，同性婚姻移民政策即日生效。

美国移民局对同性婚姻移民的审核标准与异性婚姻移民的相同，首先要求婚姻必须是合法有效的婚姻，其次才审核婚姻、恋爱、感情的真实性。 由于中国从法律上不认可同性间的婚姻，所以合法有效的婚姻无法在中国产生，则该婚姻必须产生在美国（截止到2015-6-26为止，同性婚姻已在全美所有州合法化）或认可同性婚姻的国家：

美国公民的同性恋人移民问题 

如果中国的同性恋人伴侣是美国公民，可以申请未婚夫/妻签证(K1签证)赴美国结婚。结婚后，就可以在美国境内从K1签证调整为绿卡身份。

美国永久居民(持绿卡者)的同性恋人移民问题 

如果中国的同性恋人伴侣是美国永久居民，则不能申请K1签证（只有美国公民的未婚夫/妻才有资格申请）赴美国结婚。只能尝试申请旅游或商务签证（B1/B2签证）的方式到美国后结婚，然后才能办理移民的手续。但是B1/B2签证的申请对当事人的经济和工作状况要求比较高，拒签率比较高，有相当的风险。如果无法获得B1/B2签证，则双方可以考虑申请签证到认可同性婚姻的第三国去结婚（如挪威、冰岛、比利时、西班牙、葡萄牙、瑞典、丹麦、荷兰、法国、新西兰、南非、乌拉圭、阿根廷、加拿大、巴西）。完婚后，美国永久居民就可以递交中国同性配偶的婚姻移民申请。中国同性配偶届时将会在广州美领馆直接拿到移民签证，登陆美国后，一个月之内就会收到绿卡。

相关链接 

同性夫妻申请婚姻移民（CR1或IR1），详情请参见：婚姻移民 

同性恋人申请未婚夫/妻签证(K1签证)赴美国结婚，详情请参考：未婚夫/妻签证  

同性恋人之子女移民，请参见：子女移民 

新闻：美国最高法院裁定同性婚姻在全美合法 

相关案例 

同性婚姻移民案例 

同性未婚夫(妻)签证案例 

以下摘引自美国移民局2013-07-02关于同性婚姻移民的最新政策：

Implementation of the Supreme Court Ruling on the Defense of Marriage Act
Statement from Secretary of Homeland Security Janet Napolitano:

“After last week’s decision by the Supreme Court holding that Section 3 of the Defense of Marriage Act (DOMA) is unconstitutional, President Obama directed federal departments to ensure the decision and its implication for federal benefits for same-sex legally married couples are implemented swiftly and smoothly.  To that end, effective immediately, I have directed U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) to review immigration visa petitions filed on behalf of a same-sex spouse in the same manner as those filed on behalf of an opposite-sex spouse.”

Frequently Asked Questions

Q1:  I am a U.S. citizen or lawful permanent resident in a same-sex marriage to a foreign national.  Can I now sponsor my spouse for a family-based immigrant visa?

A1: Yes, you can file the petition. You may file a Form I-130 (and any applicable accompanying application). Your eligibility to petition for your spouse, and your spouse’s admissibility as an immigrant at the immigration visa application or adjustment of status stage, will be determined according to applicable immigration law and will not be automatically denied as a result of the same-sex nature of your marriage.

Q2:  My spouse and I were married in a U.S. state that recognizes same-sex marriage, but we live in a state that does not.  Can I file an immigrant visa petition for my spouse?

A2: Yes, you can file the petition.  In evaluating the petition, as a general matter, USCIS looks to the law of the place where the marriage took place when determining whether it is valid for immigration law purposes. That general rule is subject to some limited exceptions under which federal immigration agencies historically have considered the law of the state of residence in addition to the law of the state of celebration of the marriage. Whether those exceptions apply may depend on individual, fact-specific circumstances. If necessary, we may provide further guidance on this question going forward.